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2019北京高考英语押题卷【含答案】

李佩媛2019-05-15 14:11:12

2019年北京高考英语押题卷【含答案】

一、完形填空

It was a Wednesday night. A middle-aged man came in for a tooth extraction (拔牙).He was sitting   1   in the waiting hall when I took his blood pressure, which was   2   at 160.

I was a little worried because we are not supposed to extract teeth from patients with high blood pressure. Understanding my   3   , he explained that he was just   4   . I led him to the dental chair, trying to calm him down.

Most patients are a little nervous before treatment, so we normally   5   with them to help them relax.  I said, "Extraction can be scary, but we will try to make it less   6   .”

He said, "No, you don’t understand. " After a while, he   7   , "My father died of heart attacks on the dental chair. And last week I was   8   with cancer. So it's hard for me to   9   .”

I was   10   I tried hard to say something to   11   him, but I failed and sank into silence.

The doctor came in. He   12   the patient and started to talk about the extraction. The patient,    13   . told his story. The doctor   14   and said, "Okay, I see. Let me know if you don't feel well during the   15   . " He started the procedure, constantly asking the patient how he   16   . When we successfully pulled his tooth, I   17   a sigh of relief.

We doctors will meet different patients in our   18   .Sometimes they come with   19   memories of treatment. What we can do is to try our best to help them.

To be a doctor means serving patients with a   20   heart.

1.A.happily              B.excitedly              C.anxiously              D.breathlessly

2.A.high              B.low              C.strong              D.weak

3.A.role              B.concern              C.desire              D.behavior

4.A.curious              B.lonely              C.cautious              D.nervous

5.A.speak              B.inform              C.chat              D.tell

6.A.effortless              B.painless              C.unbearable              D.uncomfortable

7.A.added              B.explained              C.thought              D.evaluated

8.A.diagnosed              B.checked              C.examined              D.infected

9.A.cheer up              B.come in              C.set out              D.calm down

10.A.speechless              B.noiseless              C.soundless              D.wordless

11.A.encourage              B.comfort              C.motivate              D.indicate

12.A.welcomed              B.greeted              C.waved              D.operated

13.A.however              B.therefore              C.again              D.thus

14.A.laughed              B.nodded              C.shook              D.realized

15.A.extraction              B.discussion              C.treatment              D.relaxation

16.A.felt              B.judged              C.recognized              D.expected

17.A.blew              B.sighed              C.squeezed              D.breathed

18.A.jobs              B.lives              C.careers              D.performances

19.A.good              B.hopeful              C.serious              D.bad

20.A.kind              B.heavy              C.caring              D.sinking

二、阅读理解

A

Skeptics are a strange lot. Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the environment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them. Those people, say skeptics, spread nothing but bad news about the environment. The “eco-guilt” brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.

Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much popularity. That book, The Skeptic Environmentalist, declares that it measures the “real state of the world” as fine. Of course, another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborg’s views are similar to those of some Industry-funded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues like global warming.

So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborg’s book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lomborg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”

Such one-sided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborg’s “preference for unexamined materials is incredible(不可信的)”.

A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become half-blinded before a world partially exhibited by the media. That’s a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.

21.According to the passage, which of the following may be regarded as “skeptics”?

A.People who agree on the popularity of “eco-guilt”.

B.People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.

C.People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.

D.People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.

22.Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborg’s book?

A.Some big businesses intend to protect their own interests.

B.The book challenges views about the fine state of the world.

C.The author convinces people to speak comforting worldviews.

D.Industry–funded media present confusing information.

23.The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to____.

A.voice a different opinion              B.find fault with Lomborg’s book

C.challenge the authority of the media              D.point out the value of scientific views

24.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the passage?

A.To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.

B.To warn the public of the danger of half–blindness with reviews.

C.To blame the media’s lack of responsibility in presenting information.

D.To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.

B

Any foreigner who has tried to learn Chinese can tell how hard it is to master the tones required to speak and understand. And anyone who has tried to learn to play the violin or other instruments can report similar challenges.

Now researchers have found that people with musical training have an easier time learning Chinese. Writing in the online edition of Nature Neuroscience,researchers from Northwestern University say that both skills draw on the same parts of the brain that help people discover changes in pitch(音调).

One of the study's authors,Nina Kraus,said the findings suggested that studying music “actually tunes our sensory system”.This means that schools that want children to do well in languages should hesitate before cutting music programs,Dr. Kraus said. She said music training might also help children with language problems.

Mandarin(普通话)speakers have been shown to have a more complex encoding(编码) of pitch patterns in their brains than English speakers do. This is because in Mandarin and other Asian languages,pitch plays a central role. A single­syllable word can have several meanings depending on how it is intoned.

For this study,the researchers looked at 20 non­Chinese speaking volunteers,half with no musical background and half who have studied an instrument for at least six years.

As they were shown a movie,the volunteers also heard an audio tape of the Mandarin word “mi” in three of its meanings:squint,bewilder and rice. The researchers recorded activities in their brain stems to see how well they were processing the sounds. Those with a music background showed much more brain activities in response to the Chinese sounds.

The lead author of the study,Patrick C.M.Wong,said it might work both ways. It appears that native speakers of tonal languages may do better at learning instruments.

25.When learning Chinese,a foreigner will find ________.

A.he has a difficult time learning music at the same time

B.he has an easier time learning music at the same time

C.it is hard to master the tones required to speak and understand

D.it is easy to use the brain to help him discover changes in pitch

26.Why does Chinese learning have something to do with music training?

A.Because there is the same difficulty in learning Chinese and music.

B.Because skills to learn the two make use of the same parts of the brain.

C.Because music training might help people with language study.

D.Because people who do well in Chinese study do well in music.

27.The underlined word “intoned” in the fourth paragraph can be replaced by the word “____”.

A.created              B.spelled              C.seemed              D.pronounced

28.What would be the best title for this passage?

A.Mandarin Speakers Are Smarter than English Speakers

B.Skilled Ear for Music May Help Language Study

C.Pitch Plays a Central Role in Chinese Learning

D.Schools Need to Develop Music Programs

C

If maths is the language of the universe, bees may have just uttered their first words. New research suggests these busybodies of the insect world are capable of addition and subtraction (减法)—using colors in the place of plus and minus symbols.

In the animal kingdom, the ability to count—or at least distinguish between differing quantities—isn’t unusual: It has been seen in frogs, spiders, and even fish. But solving equations (方程式) using symbols is rare, so far only achieved by famously brainy animals such as chimpanzees and African grey parrots.

Building on previous research that says the social insects can count to four and understand the concept of zero, researchers wanted to test the limits of what their tiny brains can do.

Scientists trained 14 bees to link the colors blue and yellow to addition and subtraction, respectively. They placed the bees at the entrance of a Y-shaped maze (迷宫), where they were shown several shapes in either yellow or blue. If the shapes were blue, bees got a reward if they went to the end of the maze with one more blue shape (the other end had one less blue shape); if the shapes were yellow, they got a reward if they went to the end of the maze with one less yellow shape.

The testing worked the same way: Bees that “subtracted” one shape when they saw yellow, or “added” one shape when they saw blue were considered to have aced the test. The bees got the right answer 63% to 72% of the time, depending on the type of equation and the direction of the right answer—much better than random guesses would allow—the researchers report today in Science Advances.

Though the results came from just 14 bees, researchers say the advance is exciting. If a brain about 20,000 times smaller than ours can perform maths using symbols, it could pave the way to novel approaches in artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. Just don’t ask the bees to do your homework anytime soon.

29.Why do the scientists conduct the research?

A.To teach them maths.              B.To test the power of tiny brains.

C.To explain the meaning of colors.              D.To get access to machine learning.

30.What does the underlined word “aced” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.Given up.          B.Entered for.                            C.Got through.        D.Checked over.

31.What might the research make contributions to?

A.Language acquisition.              B.Arithmetic learning.

C.Protection of animals.              D.Development of AI.

32.What can be the best title for the text?

A.Bees “Like” Counting                                                        B.Bees “Tell” Colors Apart

C.Bees “Perform” Maths Using Shapes              D.Bees “Get” Addition and Subtraction

三、七选五

Approximately l,250 km long, the Red Sea coast of Egypt is surely one of the best places in the world to go underwater diving. 33.          ?Its hot sunny climate and clear warm water make it the ideal place for beginners as well as for experienced divers, at any time of the year.

With over fifty diving centres in the area, many different types of diving are possible. At centres for complete beginners, there are many training courses designed for them.34.         . These dives get the rookie(新手)divers used to being underwater and teach some basic skills such as swimming and breathing below the surface.

More experienced divers can choose from a vast range of possible activities. Many of these can be enjoyed either as part of a group or, if they prefer, alone. Some like to explore the coast of the National Park, where the steep cliffs(悬崖)extend underwater to a depth of more than seventy metres.35.        ,for dives of this kind, divers are advised to be accompanied by a guide. An experienced guide can help the divers escape the danger before it approaches.

For really advanced divers, there are some fascinating wrecks(失事船只)at the bottom of the Red Sea.36.         ,it is well worth going just to see the huge variety of beautiful plants and fish down there.  However, divers do need to be aware that one kick in the wrong direction can cause a“storm" of fine dark silt(淤泥)which can be virtually blinding. 37.         .However, divers are forbidden to touch anything or attempt to move any artworks.

A.If you are a more experienced diver

B.How well does it live up to its reputation

C.Where is exactly this truly wonderful diving place

D.As the strong currents can suddenly change direction

E. They all include simple dives with a qualified instructor

F. Although visits to these old ships require quite long boat trips

G. Also, some of the sites have artworks lying in the ships or on the sandy bottom

四、语法填空:阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A

The game of Go (围棋) is an important board game with origins in China from more than 4,000 years ago. In China, Go 38. (recognize) as “hand conversations” as well, through which players communicate with each other. 39.  other words, they “talk” through the placing of pieces on the board. The metaphor (比喻) first 40. (use) by Zhi Daolin, a Buddhist master of the Jin Dynasty, reflects the nature of the game. While scholars of his time often lost 41.(they) in philosophical (哲学的) debates on life and universe, he preferred to play Go 42. he believed was full of hows and whys of life.

Master Go players often feel as if they were playing a real-life game: sometimes one can move forward, while at other times, one must slow down: sometimes one can 43. (direct) face the challenger, at other times one must take an indirect approach. Appropriate placement of each tiny Go piece is similar to 44. one might solve a difficult problem of life. The purpose of 45. (play) Go is not just to win but also, more importantly, to seek 46. (wise) through the process. The players unite with each other on the board. Instead of fighting as 47. (enemy), they cooperate to play a good game. One thoughtless move could ruin the enjoyment.

B

Chinese super star Fan Bingbing 48. (fine) around 883 million yuan for tax nonpayment and other offences, authorities said Wednesday. The star, 49. (disappear) in July, posted a long apology on social media. Ms Fan, one of China’s highest paid 50. (actor), will escape criminal charges 51. the fines are paid on time, said state news agency Xinhua.

The actress had been concerned 52. a government investigation (调查) of how stars reported income in their contracts(合同). Some film stars were charged to have used so-called “yin-yang contracts”—a practice where one contract sets out an actor’s real income, and another lists a 53. (low) figure, with the latter submitted to the tax authorities. Authorities have now ordered Ms Fan and the companies she controls 54. (pay) the huge sum in taxes, fines.

On Wednesday, the star posted an open apology to her tens of millions of fans on her Weibo account saying: “I’ve been suffering great pain recently...I’m so ashamed of 55. I’ve done. Here, I sincerely 56. (apology) to everyone. I 57. (complete) accept all the decisions made according to law, after the investigation done by tax authorities. I will follow the order, try my best to overcome difficulties, raise money and pay taxes and fines.”

 

五、短文改错

A

Thanks for letting us to stay at your seaside house. Now, you might have heard from your neighbors about which happened on Saturday evening. When I was out a walk, my younger son, Tom, played football before your house. He made so many noise that the neighbors got quite angrily. Even worse, Tom broke one of the window of Mr. Wilson’s house. Tom and I apologized to all the neighbors for the unhappy happenings, but promised to have the broken window repair soon. Tom said that we would not do such silly things any more. I am glad that your neighbors had forgiven us. They are really nice people.

B

Released on 6 Aug. 2010,Flipped is arguably my favorite US film. It told the heartwarming story of a boy named Bryce or a girl named Juli. It's hard to imagine that two teenagers, who in others' eye might not know about love, actually have so a pure and beautiful love. Besides, the film is not only about puppy love. It also tells us about dreams, respect, self﹣esteem and the important of working hard. Julies attitude towards the life is also worth appreciating. She has characteristics many of us gradually lose with we grow up. The film successful creates a warm atmosphere for audiences longing love and happiness. I hope you will enjoy the movie as many as I do.

 

 

六、书面表达

假定你是李华,你的美国朋友Jack来信询问“嫦娥四号”探测器(Chang’e-4 probe)名称的由来。请你给他回信,内容包括:

1.“嫦娥四号”登月成功;2.嫦娥的传说;3.中国人的登月梦。

注意:1.词数100左右;2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

参考答案:

1.C

2.A

3.B

4.D

5.C

6.D

7.B

8.A

9.D

10.A

11.B

12.B

13.C

14.B

15.A

16.A

17.D

18.C

19.D

20.C

21.B

22.A

23.A

24.D

25.C

26.B

27.D

28.B

29.B

30.C

31.D

32.D

 

33.B

34.E

35.D

36.F

37.G

38.is recognized

39.In

40.used

41.themselves

42.which

43.directly

44.how

45.playing

46.wisdom

47.enemies

48.has been fined/was fined

49.disappearing

50.actors

51.if

52.with/in

53.lower

54.to pay

55.what/all

56.apologize

57.completely

58.1.to stay去掉to

2.about后的which →what

3.out for a walk

4.many →much

5.angrily →angry

6.window →windows

7.but →and

8.repair →repaired

9.we →he

10.had →have

59.1. told改为tells

2. or改为and

3. eye改为eyes

4. so改为such

5. important改为importance

6. Julies改为Julie's

7. with改为as

8. successful改为success

9. longing后面加for

10. many改为much

60.Dear Jack,

I’m glad you’re interested in the origin of the name of Chang’e-4 probe, which successfully landed on the far side of the moon last year. Here I’d like to tell you something about it.

The story of Chang’e and her flight to the moon is popular throughout China for thousands of years. In the eyes of ancient Chinese, Chang’e was the first person who set foot there, and was regarded as the soul, hope and desire in exploring the moon. That’s why the probe is named after Chang’e.

I’m sure we’ll make greater progress in space exploration and realize our dream of manned spaceship landing on the moon.

Best wishes.

Yours,

Li Hua

 

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